Roman emperors

Antoninianus — obverseAntoninianus — reverse
Roman Emperors

List of Roman Emperors

The following is a list of the Roman emperors, indicating for each:

Augustus and the Julio-Claudians

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Augustus Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian (Gaius Octavius Taurinus) 63 BC 27 BC 14 AD
Tiberius Tiberius Claudius Nero 42 BC 14 37
Caligula Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus 12 37 41
Claudio Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero 10 BC 41 54
Nero Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus) 37 54 68

Non-dynastic emperors

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Galba Servius Sulpicius Galba 3 BC 68 69
Otho Marco Salvio Otone 32 69  
Vitellius Aulus Vitellius 15 69  

The Flavians

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Vespasian Titus Flavius Vespasian 9 69 79
Tito Titus Flavius Vespasian 39 79 81
Domitian Titus Flavius Domitian 51 81 96

The adoptive emperors and the Antonines

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Nerva Marcus Cocceius Nerva 22 or 32 or 35 96 98
Trajan Marcus Ulpius Nerva Trajan
(Marcus Ulpius Trajan)
53 98 117
Adriano Publius Aelius Trajan Hadrian
(Publius Aelius Hadrian)
76 117 138
Antonino Pio Titus Aelius Hadrian Antoninus Pius
(Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus)
86 138 161
Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
(Marcus Annius Catilius Severus - Marcus Annius Verus)
121 161 180
Lucius Verus Lucius Ceionius Commodus Verus 130 161 169
Commodus Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus 161 180 192

The Severe

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Pertinax Publius Elvius Pertinax 126 193 193
Didio Giuliano Marcus Didio Severus Julianus 133 193  
Septimius Severus Lucius Septimius Severus 146 193 211
Geta Publius Septimius Geta 189 209 211
Caracalla Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus
(Lucius Septimius Bassianus)
186 211 217
Macrino Marcus Opellius Macrinus 164 217 218
Heliogabalus (or Elagabalus) Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
(Sestius Varius Avitus Bassianus)
204 218 222
Alexander Severus Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander
(Marcus Julius Gessio Alessiano Bassiano)
208 222 235

Emperors of the 3rd century crisis

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Maximinus the Thracian Gaius Julius Verus Maximinus 173 235 238
Gordian I Marco Antonio Gordiano Semproniano Romano 159 238  
Gordian II Marco Antonio Gordiano Semproniano Romano 192    
Pupieno Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximus 178 238  
Balbino Decio Celio Calvino Balbino 178    
Gordian III Marco Antonio Gordiano Pio 225 238 244
Philip the Arab Mark Julius Philipp 204 244 249
Decius Gaius Messius Quintus Trajan Decius 201 249 251
Treboniano Gallo Caius Vibius Trebonianus Gallus 205 251 253
Emiliano Marco Emilio Emiliano 208 253  
Valeriano I Publius Licinius Valerianus 190 253 260
Gallienus Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus 218 253 268

Illyrian Emperors

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Claudio the Gothic Marcus Aurelius Claudius 214 268 270
Quintillo Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillo   270  
Aureliano Lucius Domitius Aureliano 214 270 275
Tacitus Marcus Claudius Tacitus 205 275 276
Floriano Marco Annio Floriano   276  
Probus Marcus Aurelius Probus 232 276 282
Dear Marcus Aurelio Caro 223 282 283
Numerian Marcus Aurelius Numerius Numerianus   283 284
Cute Marcus Aurelio Carino   283 285

The emperors of the Tetrarchy

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Diocletian Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletian
(Diocles)
243 284 305
Massimiano Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximian 250 286 305
Costanzo Chlorine Gaius Flavius Valerius Constantius 250 305 306
Galerius Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus 250 305 311
Severe Flavius Valerius Severus   306 307
Maxentius Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius   306 312
Massimino Daia Galerio Valerio Massimino Daia   308 313

The Flavian seconds

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Constantine I Flavius Valerius Constantine 274 306 337
Licinius Flavius Valerius Licinianus Licinius 250 308 324
Constantine II Flavius Claudius Julius Constantine 316 337 340
Constantius II Flavius Julius Constantius 317 337 361
Constant Flavius Giulio Costante 321 337 350
Giuliano Flavius Claudius Julianus the Apostate 331 360 363
...        
Jovian Flavius Jovianus 331 363 364

The Valentinians

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Valentiniano I Flavius Valentinianus 321 364 375
Valente Flavio Valente 328 364 378
Graziano Flavio Graziano 359 375 383
Valentinian II Flavius Valentinianus 371 375 392
Theodosius I Flavius Theodosius 346 379 395

Western Roman Emperors

Emperor Name Birth Kingdom
Honorius Flavius Honorius 384 395 423
Giovanni Primicerio     423 425
Valentinian III Flavius Placido Valentinianus 419 425 455
Petronius Maximus Petronius Maximus 397 455  
Avito Flavio Eparchius Avito   455 456
Marjoram Flavio Giulio Valerio Maggiorano   457 461
Libius Severus Libius Severus   461 465
Anthemius Procopius Anthemius   467 472
Olibrio Anicio Olibrio   472  
Glycerium Flavio Glicerio   473 474
Julius Nepos Flavius Julius Nepos   474 475
Romulus Augustulus Flavius Romulus Augustus 459 475 476

Traditionally, the end of the Western Roman Empire dates back to 476, with Odoacer's return of the imperial insignia to the Byzantine emperor Zeno. It must be kept in mind, however, that Julius Nepos continued to consider himself the legitimate Emperor of the West until his death, which occurred in Dalmatia in 480.

 

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